Text-01 — “Epimanes” — early 1833 — (Although we have the
“Buckingham” manuscript, we may speculate that there must have been an earlier form as the copy sent to the Buckinghams
is clearly a clean copy. It may also be surmised that Poe must have retained a manuscript as the Buckinghams appear never to have
returned Poe's letter, and Poe would need to have a copy of the text, which was later printed in the Southern Literary
Messenger. This manuscript is lost, but this version is presumably recorded in Text-02.)
Text-02 — “Epimanes” — May 4, 1833 —
“Buckingham” manuscript — (Mabbott text A) (Sent by Poe to John Tinker Buckingham; John Stieler (moved back
to Germany); Florence and George Blumenthal; A. W. S. Rosenbach (attempting to sell for the Blumenthals); Gabriel Wells (sold
through Chaucer Head Bookshop to H. B. Martin); H. Bradley Martin (sold in 1990); Stephan Lowentheill (19th Century Bookshop); Susan
Jaffe Tane
Text-03 — “Epimanes” — about June 1835 — lost “Carey” manuscript (In
a letter of September 11, 1835, written to John P. Kennedy, Poe stated that he had sent Henry
Carey a manuscript for a tale to replace “MS. found in a Bottle,” specifically naming the new tale as
“Epimanes.” On May 18, 1835, H. Carey wrote to J. P. Kennedy, noting that Poe had told him that “MS. found in a
Bottle” had already been published, and saying that he had asked Poe to send him “something good in its stead.”
Poe apparently responded by sending the “Epimanes” manuscript. On November 29, 1835, Carey and Lea wrote to Poe that they were unable to find the manuscript for which he had requested a
return. Although the name is not specified, it was presumably the manuscript of “Epimanes” that Poe had sent to H.
Carey. This manuscript is lost, but this version is presumably recorded in Text-04.)
Text-04 — “Epimanes” — March 1836— Southern
Literary Messenger — (Mabbott text B)
Text-05 — “Epimanes” — about 1839 — (although these pages in the Duane copy of
the Southern Literary Messenger show no sign of changes, the version published in TGA shows verbal modifications,
which suggests an intermediary form. It is likely, therefore, that Poe made changes in copies other than those which were ultimately
owned by Duane, and that those copies have not been located and possibly have not survived. Poe appears to have attempted to erase
his changes in the Duane copies, and it is possible that a copy exists in which these erased changes have been overlooked. This
missing text is presumably reflected in text-06.)
Text-07 — “The Homocameleopard” — 1842 — manuscript title revision in
TGAPP (volume II, which seems to have had revisions by Poe, is lost, but this version is presumably recorded in Text-08)
Text-09 — “Four Beasts in One” — 1845-1849 (speculated copy of Text-08 with manuscript
revisions made by Poe. This copy has apparently not survived, but is presumably reflected in Text-10.)
Text-10 — “Four Beasts in One” — 1850 —
WORKS (Mabbott text E) (This is Mabbott's copy-text. Mabbott selects this text based on “one superior
reading,” which he does not specify. In addition to a number of corrections, which might be editorial in nature, the fussy
changes to indentation in the poems strongly suggests that they were made by Poe and not Griswold or his typesetters.)
Reprints:
“Four Beasts in One” — 1867 — Prose Tales of Edgar Allan Poe, second series (New
York: W. J. Widdleton), pp. 169-176 (This collection is extracted from the 1850-1856 edition of Poe's Works. It was
reprinted several times.)
“Four Beasts in One” — 1874 —
Works of Edgar A. Poe, edited by J. H. Ingram (vol. II, pp. 385-393) (This collection was subsequently reprinted in various
forms)
Scholarly and Noteworthy Reprints:
“Four Beasts in One” — 1894-1895 —
The Works of Edgar Allan Poe, vol. 4: Tales, eds. E. C. Stedman and G. E. Woodberry, Chicago: Stone and Kimball (4:92-102)
(This collection was subsequently reprinted in various forms)
“Four Beasts in One; the Homo-Cameleopard”
— 1902 — The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, vol. 2: Tales I, ed. J. A. Harrison, New York: T. Y. Crowell
(2:203-213, and 2:375-377)
“Epimanes (Four Beasts in One)” — 1978
— The Collected Works of Edgar Allan Poe, vol. 2: Tales & Sketches I, ed. T. O. Mabbott, Cambridge: Belknap Press
of Harvard University Press (2:117-130)
“Four Beasts in One— The Homo-Cameleopard” — 1984 — Edgar Allan Poe: Poetry and
Tales, Patrick F. Quinn (New York: Library of America), pp. 181-188
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Comparative and Study Texts:
Instream Comparative and Study Texts:
“Epimanes” — Study Text (Buckingham MS) (only one
change was made in manuscript)
“Epimanes” — Comparative Text (Buckingham MS and
SLM)
“Quatre bêtes en une” — (French translation by Charles Baudelaire)
“L‘Homme caméléopard ou Quatre bêtes en une” — July 28, 1854
— Le Pays
“Quatre bêtes en une” — 1857 — Nouvelles histoires par Edgar Poe,
Paris: Michel Lévy frères
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Bibliography:
Heartman, Charles F., “A Remarkable Addition to the Poe Census,” American Book Collector
(Metuchen, NJ), vol. III, no. 4, April 1933, p. 246
Heartman, Charles F. and James R. Canny, A Bibliography of First Printings of the Writings of Edgar Allan
Poe, Hattiesburg, MS: The Book Farm, 1943.
Itoh, Shoko, “Urbanity in Poe,” Chu-Shikoku Studies in American Literature (1986), 22:5-13.
Lecompte, C. “ ‘The Homeo-Cameleopard’ ou la mort de Dieu,” Delta: Revue de Centre
d‘Edtdes et le Recherche sur les Ecrivains du Sud aux Etats-Units (1975), 1:83-94.
Mabbott, Thomas Ollive, ed., The Collected Works of Edgar Allan Poe (Vols 2-3 Tales and Sketches),
Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1978.
Whipple, William, “Poe's Political Satire,” University of Texas Studies in English
(1956), 35:81-95.
Wyllie, John Cooke, “A List of the Texts of Poe's Tales,” Humanistic Studies in Honor of
John Calvin Metcalf, Charlottesville: University of Virginia, 1941, pp. 322-338.
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[S:0 - JAS] - Edgar Allan Poe Society of Baltimore - Works - Tales - Four Beasts in One