Text: John Grier Varner, “Notes, Chapters 1-9,” Sarah Helen Whitman, Seeress of Providence, dissertation, 1940, pp. ???-??? (This material is protected by copyright)

NOTES

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, July 31, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to John H. Ingram.

1. Among those present on this occasion were Mary Forest (Mrs. Julia Deane Freeman), Alice and Phoebe Cary, the Stoddards, T. B. Aldrich, and Rufus Griswold. See

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, July 31, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram. Also September 29, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Providence Daily Journal, (September 8, 1871).

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, July 31, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. Enoch Pratt Free Library, January 3, 1877, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Eugene L. Didier.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, June 30, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics (New York: Rudd and Carlton, 1860), 77-79. Mrs. Whitman is here speaking of the family Edgar Poe but it was a firm conviction of hers that she and Poe were descendants of the same family. See Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram, A.L.S., University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, June 30, 1874. [page 757:]

3. Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics, (New York: Rudd and Carlton, 1860), 77.

1. Sarah Helen Whiteman, Edgar Poe and His Critics (New York: Rudd and Carlton, 1860) 77.

2. Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics (New York: Rudd and Carlton 1860) 78-79.

3. Sarah Helen Whitman, Poems (Providence: Preston and Rounds, 1894), 151-152.

4. Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics (New York: Rudd and Carlton, 1860), 79.

1. Autograph MS in the possession of Dr. Oscar Haywood, Mt. Gilead, North Carolina. [page 758:]

2. Information concerning the American branch of the Power family has been obtained from Mrs. E. Barnum Power, a relative by marriage of Mrs. Whitman's family; from Mr. Roscoe L. Whitman, genealogist and historian of the “Society of Stukely Westcott Descendants of America”; and from Mrs, Whitman's own autograph records to be found in the John Hay Library at Brown University; and in the Rhode Island Historical Society.

3. This fact was confirmed by the late Count Edmund de le Poer of Gurteen le Powr, head of the le Powr branch of Don Isle, in a conversation with the late Mr. Albert Whitin, a personal friend of Sarah Whitman. See Albert H. Whitin, “Mrs. Sarah Helen Whitman Has Her Own Place as Poet”, Providence Daily Journal, (January 22, 1933), 4.

1. John Hay Library, Brown University, Harris Collection, Newspaper clipping on the death of William P. Blodget, October 13, 1873, found in the Scrapbook of Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. Rufus W. Griswold, Female Poets of America, (Philadelphia: Carey and Hart, 1849), 166.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection Newspaper clipping on the death of William P. Blodget, October 13, 1873, found in Scrapbook of Sarah Helen Whitman.

4. Pedigree chart supplied the author by Mrs. E. Barnum Power, San Francisco, California.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast.

2. The Rhode Island Historical Society, MS memoranda among Sarah Helen Whitman Papers.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast.

1. Walter C. Bronson, The History of Brown University, (Providence: Published by the University, 1914), 53. [page 759:]

2. Providence Daily Journa1, (May 17, 1876).

1. Providence Daily Journal, (May 14, 1874)

2. Narragansett Historical Register (1886-7) V, 211

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast.

2. Reuben A. Guild, History of Brown University (Providence: Published by Subscription, 1867) 222-258

3. Walter G. Bronson, The History of Brown University, (Providence: Published by the University, 1914), 55-56

1. Narragansett Historical Register, (1889) VII, 21

2. Anonymous historical data printed on The Summer Calendar of the First Baptist Church, Providence, Rhode Island, 1936.

1. Anonymous historical data printed in The Summer Calendar of the First Baptist Church, Providence, Rhode Island, 1936.

1. Anonymous, Historical Catalogue of Brown University, 1764-1904, (Providence: Published by University, 1905), 76

1. Walter C. Bronson, The History of Brown University, (Providence: Published by the University, 1914), 87

The author had the pleasure of witnessing a commencement procession at Brown University in the spring of 1936. Many of the old traditions are preserved in the present day exercises. The procession is led by a brass band from the University grounds to the first Baptist Meeting [page 760:] House where the exercises are held. Not the least conspicuous in the procession is the sheriff who occupies a traditional place on the platform during the exercises.

2. John Hay Library, Program issued for Brown University Commencement exercises, 1789.

3. Anonymous, Historical Catalogue of Brown University, (Providence: Published by the University, 1905) 76

4. This miniature is now in the possession of The Athenaeum, Providence Rhode Island, See

The Athenaeum Bulletin, (Providence: Published occasionally by the Providence Athenaeum, V, No. 4, March, 1933)

See also

Lillie Buffum Wyman, “The Strange Case of Edgar Allan Poe”, Boston Evening Transcript, (February 24, 1923)

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Newspaper clipping on the death of William P. Blodget, Oct. 13, 1873, found in Scrapbook of Sarah Helen Whitman.

A fragment in Mrs. Whitman's hand in the Harris Collection states that the daughter of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast, who was Mrs. Charles Willing of Philadelphia, was at one time considered the most beautiful woman at the French court.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from. the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast.

1. The Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS “Power-Marsh Memoranda”.

The John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, December 7, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen. to J. H. Ingram. [page 761:]

See also

John Hay Library, Harris Collection, March 23, 1859, A.L.S., Sarah Helen. Whitman to Mrs. Julia Deane Freeman

Mrs. Whitman's maternal grandmother was Mary Arnold Wilkinson.

3. Jemimah Wilkinson, according to all appearances, died in 1780. But her soul, after going through a process of purification in Heaven, returned to her body before the completion of her funeral ceremonies, and rising from her coffin in her grave clothes, she declared to a frightened assembly that a miracle had been performed. Being now, as she said, a mere “effulgence of Divinity” and therefore without sex, she gathered about her a group of celibates whom she led into the wilderness of New York. Here she established a community of fanatics which thrived until 1820 when, contrary to the belief of her followers that she would live forever, she was forced to make a permanent departure. Mrs. Whitman later spoke with some interest of her connection with Jemimah Wilkinson, and she made efforts to communicate with the spirit of the celebrated old prophetess.

See

Colonel Johnson, “Jemimah Wilkinson, the American Prophetess”, The Eclectic Magazine, V, (August 1845), 546-558

4. Mrs. Whitman later spoke of her sister Anna's hereditary mental characteristics which developed into “an acute mania.” University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, April 24, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

Another relative of Mrs. Power, the wife of John S. Long of North Carolina, suffered repeated mental attacks and finally became incurably insame. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, August 15, 1873. A.L.S., John S. Long to Sarah Helen Whitman.

5. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast.

1. Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, “Power-Marsh Memoranda.”

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast. [page 762:]

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes, typescript.

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Maude Dailey Chace Notes.

1. The Library of Congress, July 24, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Louise Chandler Moulton.

Mrs. Whitman gives a transcript from her family Bible.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, May 3, 1859, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Julia Deane Freeman.

3. The Library of Congress October 17, 1858, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Louise Chandler Moulton. Also, May 3, 1859

See also

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, August 18, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen. Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

4. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 16, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram. There are many references concerning the influence of the stars, throughout Mrs. Whitman's correspondence, She later became sufficiently interested to consult astrologers.

1. The Library of Congress, October 17, 1858, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Louise Chandler Moulton.

2. Information concerning old Providence landmarks has been obtained from scattered numbers of the Narragansett Register.

3. George William Curtis, “Sea and Shore”, Prue and I, (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1894), 85-86

Curtis was in later years a very close friend and admirer of Mrs. Whitman.

4. Henry Ames Barker, Providence, (Providence: The Historical Publishing Company of Rhode Island, 1926), 64

1. George William Curtis, “Sea and Shore”, Prue and I, (New York: Harper and Brothers, 1894) 83-92 [page 763:]

I have referred to the above source for all of Curtis's reminiscences concerning Providence.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Our Park on the Bay”, Providence Daily Journal, (September 22, 1868)

2. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Hours of’ Life”, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George E. Whitney, 1853) 6

3. Sarah Helen Whitman, “The Trailing Arbutus”, Hours of Life [[and other Poems]], (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 56-59

Sarah Helen Whitman, “Retrospection”, Ladies’ Magazine, II, No. 3. (January 1829) 22

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “An Old Graveyard”, Providence Daily Journal, (May 12, 1876)

2. Sarah Helen Whitman, “The Golden Ball”, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 43-51

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n. d., Fr. A. L., Sarah Helen Whitman to “Shirley”.

2. Sarah Helen Whitman, “The Drama”, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 168

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “The Opera”, Providence Daily Journal, (December 6, 1864)

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February 11, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

3. Caroline Ticknor, Poe's Helen, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1916) 9

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS extracts from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast [page 764:]

2. Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS “Power-Marsh Memoranda”.

3. Record from the tombstone of Captain Nicholas Power in the North Burial Ground, Providence, Rhode Island.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS fragments from the journal of Mrs. Rebecca Power Tillinghast.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “The Tomb of a Forgotten Family’”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 25, 1872)

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “The Tomb of a ‘Forgotten Family’”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 25, 1872)

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes

Also

Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS ‘’Power-Marsh Memoranda”.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

2. Advertisement of Moses Noyes School, Providence Gazette (March 31, 1810)

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers; MS “Power-Marsh Memoranda”.

2. Extract from the Rhode Island American, (June 26, 1812) found in the Providence directory for 1830. [page 765:]

3. Advertisement, Providence Gazette, (February 24, 1810; and June 10, 1810)

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

5. Advertisement, Providence Gazette, (September 26, 1812)

1. Advertisement, Providence Gazette (October 24, 1812)

2. Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS “Power-Marsh Memoranda”.

3. James A. Harrison, “Biography”, The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A.Harrison, (New York: The University Society, 1902), I, 282

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, April 24, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. Mrs. Power once remarked that her daughters had every kind of sense but common sense.

1. Caroline Ticknor, Poe's Helen, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1916), 9

1. The John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, N. D. A.L.S., Fr. William R. Staples to Nicholas Power.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

Three of Mrs. Powers brothers died in 1811. Johnathan and David Marsh died in North Carolina, and James Marsh died while on passage from North Carolina to Boston. Since a fourth brother, Daniel Marsh, died at Bath, North Carolina, in February 1814, it is possible that Nicholas Power did not sail until the early part of this year. [page 766:]

See “Power-Marsh Memoranda”, among Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, in the Rhode Island Historical Society.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

1. Caroline Ticknor, Poe's Helen, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1916) 715

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Newport”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 31, 1865)

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Byronism”, Providence Daily Journal (October 18, 1869)

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes,

2. Anna Bartlett spent much of her girlhood and young womanhood in Providence and Newport. She was the daughter of Mrs. Cornelius I. Bogert by a former husband.

See

Anna B. Warner, Susan Warner, (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1909) 23

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 27, 18 — (remainder of date destroyed), A.L.S., Anna M. Bartlett to Sarah Power.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 25, 1817, A.L.S., Anna E. Warner to Sarah Power.

Anna Bartlett often signed her letters to Sarah Power “your affectionate mother”. [page 767:]

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, June 5, 1817, A.L.S., Anna M. Warner to Sarah Power.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 25, 1817, A.L.S., Anna M. Warner to Sarah Power.

2. Meade Minnigerode, The Fabulous Forties, (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1924), 135-139

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, October 1, 1845, A.L.S., Susan B. Warner to Sarah Helen Whitman.

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 21, 1816, A.L.S., Mrs. Cornelius J. Bogert to Mrs. Anna Marsh Power.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 27, 18 — (remainder of date destroyed), A.L.S., Anna M. Bartlett to Sarah Power.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 21, 1816, A.L.S., Mrs. Cornelius J. Bogert to Anna Marsh Power.

1. Extract from the Journal of Health found in an old issue of the Ladies’ Magazine.

2. Providence Daily Journal (October 13, 1873). Clipping on the death of William Blodgett Jr. found in Mrs. Whitman's Scrapbook.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 25, 1817, A. L., Anna M Warner to Sarah Power.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, June 5, 1817, A.L.S., Anna M. Warner to Sarah Power. [page 768:]

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 21, 1816, A.L.S., Mrs. Cornelius J. Bogert to Mrs. Anna Marsh Power.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n. d. A.L.S., Fr. Mrs. Cornelius J. Bogert to Mrs. Nicholas Power.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 21, 1816, A.L.S., Mrs. Cornelius J. Bogert to Mrs. Nicholas Power.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

2. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Landscape Gardening”, Providence Daily Journal, (September 6, 1872)

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

4. Caroline Ticknor, Poe's Helen (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1916) 11

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 27, 18 — (remainder of date destroyed), A.L.S., Anna M. Bartlett to Sarah Power.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, June 5, 1817, A.L.S., Anna M. Warner to Sarah Power.

1. Providence Daily Journal, (October 13, 1873). Clipping on the death of William Blodget Jr., found in the Scrapbook of Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. Among the games which Sarah Power played was a game called “Search after Happiness”. In this game Hope Ives, Abby Mason, Anne Heresoffs, and Rebecca Power took the part [page 769:] of the four town ladies; Eliza Brown Gano represented the Old Lady Urania; Sarah Mason and Elizabeth Blodget were the two young girls; and Sarah Power played the part of the Prima Donna Floretta. See C. F. Harris Notes in the Harris Collection, John Hay Library.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n. d., A. L. John Winslow Whitman to Sarah Power.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

1. Walter C. Bronson, The History of Brown University, (Published by the University, 1914), 185

See also

President Asa Messer's Letter Books, MS. Harris Collection, John Hay Library.

All citizens of Providence were required by law to keep two fire buckets each, and to attend all fire's with the purpose of assisting in extinguishing the flames.

1. See note following.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n. d., A. L., John Winslow Whitman to Sarah Power.

The following note in Mrs. Whitman's handwriting is pasted to the original letter:

“Written from the ‘Half-Way House’ between Providence and Boston by John Winslow Whitman of Pembroke Mass, aged 19 to Sarah Helen Power, aged 14 in 1817. Mr. Whitman was at the time a student in Brown University and a writ had just been issued for his arrest on the charge of his having participated as a ring-leader in the firing of President Messer's haystacks. [page 770:] “The letter was entrusted to Henry Ward Bowen, a son of the late Dr. Brown Bowen, who had taken his coajutor and fellow student in this émeute as far as Fuller's Hotel on the road to Boston.”

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, MS President Asa Messer's Letter Books, December 13, 1817, A.L.S., President Asa Messer to the Hon. Kilborn Whitman.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, MS President Asa Messer's Letter Books, December 19, 1817, Chapel address.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, December 28, 1817, A.L.S., President Asa Messer to John Winslow Whitman.

2. Anonymous, Historical Catalogue of Brown University, (Providence: Published by the University, 1905), 125

1. John Hay Library, Program issued by Brown University for Commencement of 1817.

2. Charles H. Farnam, History of the Descendants of John Whitman, (New Haven: Tuttle, Morehouse, and Taylor, MN)

3. Caroline Ticknor, Poe's Helen, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1916) 1

4. Sarah Helen Whitman, “John Neal of Portland”, Providence Daily Journal, (January 24, 1876)

1. The Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n. d. A.L.S., Fr. William R. Staples to Nicholas Power.

1. John Hay Library, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Harris Collection, February 4, 1822, A.L.S., C. J. Bogert to Mrs. Nicholas Power.

2. Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS “Power-Marsh Memoranda”. [page 771:]

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

2. I base my conclusion on the following facts:

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, May 21, 1828, A.L.S., Mrs. S. J. Hale to J. W. Whitman.

1. The Boston Spectator and Ladies’ Album, (September 22, 1827), 304.

My assumption that the poems appearing in the Spectator signed “Helen” were written by Sarah Power rests upon the following facts:

2. Boston Spectator and Ladies’ Album, II (October 26, 1827), 5

1. Frank Luther Mott, A History of American Magazines [page 772:] 1741-1850, (New York: D. Appleton and Company, 1930) 349

2. E. Douglas Branch, The Sentimental Years, (New York: D. Appleton-Century Company, 1934) 102

3. Fred Lewis Pattee, The First Century of American Literature, (New York: D. Appleton-Century Company, 1935), 287

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “John Neal of Portland”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 24, 1876)

1. Editorial Boston Spectator and Ladies’ Album, (1827) [remainder of date not recorded by author.]

2. Anonymous, The Bachelors’ Journal, (July 17, 1828) 101

1. Editorial, Boston Spectator and Ladies’ Album, (December 29, 1827) 412-413

2. Anonymous, The Bachelors’ Journal, (July 17, 1828) 101

1. Anonymous letter to Mrs. Sarah J. Hale, Ladies’ Magazine, (May 1830) 211-213

2. Editorial note, Boston Spectator and Ladies’ Album (January 20, 1827). This magazine may be found in the John Hay Library.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, May 21, 1828, A.L.S., Mrs. Sarah J. Hale to J. W. Whitman.

2. The Bachelors’ Journal (June 26, 1828)

3. Ladies’ Magazine, (July 1828) 394-396

Mrs. Hale later published this poem along with others under Mrs. Whitman's name in The Ladies’ Wreath, Edited by Mrs. S. J. Hale, (Boston: Marsh, Capen, and Lyon, 1837) 381-384 [page 773:]

4. Anonymous, The Bachelors’ Journal, (July 17, 1828) 101

1. I have quoted from Mrs. Whitman's own copy of The Bachelors’ Journal. See John Hay Library, Harris Collection. The bracketed lines have been cut from the page, but have been supplied in pencil at the bottom of the page by Mrs. Whitman herself.

1. Bower of Taste, (July 19, 1828) 461

In the succeeding issue of the Bower of Taste, Mrs. Ware published the following:

“Toasts

The Ladies — like clouds — beautiful at a distance.

A lady being told that the above toast was given at a late Bachelors’ meeting, on being presented with a glass of wine by one of the fraternity who had lately married gave the following:

The Bachelors — like clouds mutable and changing — the wind passeth over them and they are gone’.”

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

Mrs. Whitman's marriage certificate gives the date of her marriage as July 10, 1828; but she has given the day as July 12 in filling in the account in the Bachelors’ Journal.

2. “Letter to the Editor”, Ladies’ Magazine, (May 1830) 211-213

3. Bower of Taste, (September 20, 1828) 606

On December 6, 1828, the Bower of Taste carried the following announcement on page 782:

Married

In Portland, John Neal, Esq. senior editor of the Yankee and the B. L. Gazette; and Bachelors’ Journal, to Miss Eleanor, daughter or Mr. Joel Hall.

1. “Letter to the Editor”, Ladies’ Magazine, (May 1830) 211-213 [page 774:]

2. “Editor's Reply”, Ladies’ Magazine, (May 1830) 214-215

1. Ruth Shepard Granniss, An American Friend of Southey, (New York: The De Vinne Press, 1913) 14-15

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

Mrs. Brooks’ sister, a widow, was engaged to Charles Henry Locke.

1. For information concerning early Boston, see Mary Caroline Crawford, Romantic Days in Old Boston, (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1910)

2. Ralph Waldo Emerson, “Boston’‘, Emerson's Complete Works, (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin and Company, 1894) v. XII, 83-89

3. John Winslow Whitman was a direct descendant of Edward Winslow, who had come to America on the Mayflower, and was the third governor of Plymouth-Colony. The first American ancestor on. his mother's side was Penelope ‘Winslow, a niece of the Duke of ‘Newcastle.

For information concerning her husband's ancestors see Mrs. Whitman's Scrapbook among Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, in the Harris Collection of the John Hay Library.

1. Mary Caroline Crawford, Romantic Days in Old Boston, (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1910) 18

See also the Bower of Taste, (August 2, 1828) 493

2. Mary Caroline Crawford, Romantic Days in Old Boston, (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1910) 94-107

1. Sarah J. Hale, editorial, Ladies’ Magazine, (May 1829), 243

2. Sarah J. Hale, editorial, Ladies’ Magazine, (January 1829) [page 775:]

During the time that Mrs. Whitman lived in Boston she saw the women rise up in bitter criticism against Mayor Josiah Quincy, who had opposed further educational facilities for the female sex. See Mary Caroline Crawford, Romantic Days in Old Boston, (Boston: Little, Brown, and Company, 1910) 8-9

1. Anonymous, “Literary and Social Boston”, Harper's New Monthly Magazine, LXIII, (February 1881) 381-398

2. W. C. Bronson, The History of Brown University, (Providence: Published by the University, 1914), 186

3. Anonymous, “Literary and Social Boston”, Harper's New Monthly Magazine, LIII, (February 1881), 381-398

4. Announcement, Ladies’ Magazine, (January 1929)

1. Van Wyck Brooks, The Life of Emerson, (New York: E. P. Dutton and Co., 1932), 37-38

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. Article signed “Helen”, “Autumnal Thoughts”, Bower of Taste, (October 4, 1828), 634-635 .

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 26, 1817, A.L.S., Anna M. Warner to Sarah Power.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “John Neal of Portland”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 24, 1876)

2. Editorial, Bower of Taste, (September 27, 1828), 620

1. Sarah Helen Whitman., “John Neal of Portland”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 24, 1876) [page 776:]

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “John Neal of Portland”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 24, 1876)

2. John Neal, Wandering Recollections of a Somewhat Busy Life, (Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1869), 337-338

1. i.e., the half-titled “Tamerlane” in Al Aaraaf, Tamerlane and Minor Poems, (Baltimore: Hatch and Dunning, 1829) [41]

2. Article signed “Colimeties”, Ladies’ Magazine, (April 1828) 145-147

1. Ladies’ Magazine, (July 1828) 394

Later printed with a collection of Mrs. Whitman's poems in the Ladies’ Wreath, a gift book.

2. Ladies’ Magazine, (October 1828) 457-458

Later printed in the Ladies’ Wreath, a gift book, along with other poems by Mrs. Whitman.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, December 11, 1828, A.L.S., Mrs. Sarah J. Hale to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ladies’ Magazine, II, no. 1, (January 1829) 22

This poem was later printed with a collection of Mrs. Whitman's poems in the Ladies’ Wreath, a gift book.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, December 11, 1828, A.L.S., Sarah J. Hale to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. Information concerning the Boston stage at this time has been taken from announcements in various periodicals of the time.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. Fiske Harris Notes. [page 777:]

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

2. John Winslow Whitman was eventually compelled to abandon his profession because of his illness. See

Rufus Griswold, Female Poets of America, (Philadelphia: Cary and Hart, 1849) 166

Also:

Sarah Helen Whitman, “John Neal of Portland”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 24, 1876)

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “To the Spirit of Poetry”, Ladies’ Magazine, (October 1828) 457-458

2. See Mrs. Whitman's poems, “Retrospection”, Ladies’ Magazine (January 182-9) 22; and “To A Withered Rose”, Ladies’ Magazine, (April 1830) 158-160, See also Mrs. Whitman's poem,”Hours of Life”, Hours of Life, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 3-38

1. See Mrs. Whitman's poem, “Hours of Life”, Hours of Life (Providence: George. H. Whitney, 1853) 3-38

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes

3. See Boston directories, for these years.

1. James A. Harrison and Charlotte F. Dailey, “Poe and Mrs. Whitman”, The Century Magazine, New series 55, whole series 77, (January 1909) 441-442

2. The Ladies’ Wreath, edited by Mrs. Sarah X. Hale, (Boston: Marsh, Capen, and Lyon, 1837) 354-355

3. Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, (date obliterated, but on letter cover is written in strange hard, “May 28, 1831”) Fr. A.L.S., William R. Staples to Nicholas Power.

1. Rhode Island. Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, MS “Power-Marsh Memoranda”. [page ??:]

2. Rhode Island Historical Society, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, (date obliterated, but on letter cover is written in strange hand., “May 28, 1831”) Fr. A.L.S., William R. Staples to Nicholas Power. In typing this letter, all errors in the author's mechanics could not be indicated, however, the typed letter has been carefully checked with the original.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris Notes.

See also, Rhode Island Historical Society, Pembroke Massachusetts Vital Records.

2. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Hours of Life”, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 15-16

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes. Miss Dailey in her notes speaks of some of Mrs. Whitman's allusions to her husband which she would hesitate to impart.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. Essay signed “Egeria”, a pen name of Sarah Whitman, The Literary Journal and Weekly Register of Science and the Arts, I, no, 26, (November 30, 1833) 205

1. Mary E. Phillips, Edgar Allan Poe the Man, (Chicago: The John C. Winston Co., 1926) vol, I, 344 [page ??:]

2. The Ladies’ Wreath, ed. Mrs. S. J. Hale, (Boston: Marsh, Caper, and Lyon, 1837), 381-384

1. E. Douglas Branch, The Sentimental Years, (New York: D. Appleton-Century Company, 1937) 135

2. Fred Lewis Pattee, The First Century of American Literature, (New York: D. Appleton-Century Co., 1935) 569

[[3. Ladies' Magazine, specific quote not found, suggestive is December 1830, III, 578]]

1. E. Douglas Branch, op. cit., 136

2. The Ladies’ Wreath, edited by Mrs. S. J. Hale, (Boston: Marsh, Caper, and Lyon, 1837)

1. E. Douglass Branch, op. cit., 107-108

1. The Ladies’ Wreath, edited by Mrs. S. J. Hale, (Boston: Marsh, Capen, and Lyon, 1837) 381-384

2. E. Douglass Branch, op. cit., 107-109

1. Ibid., 135

2. I base my statement on the following facts:

An early essay on the poet Shelley, attributed to Mrs. Whitman by her intimate friend, Charlotte Dailey, bears the signature, ‘Egeria’.

Several other essays signed ‘Egeria’ give internal evidence of having been written by Mrs. Whitman.

An early poem signed ‘Egeria’ appears in later editions of Mrs. Whitman's poems under her own name.

See:

John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes, typescript. Also; For Mrs Whitman's preference for ‘Helen’ see John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, C. F. Harris, Notes.

‘Egeria’, / Sarah Helen Whitman /, “Character and Writings of Shelley”, The Literary Journal and Weekly Register of [page ??:] Science and Arts, (January 11, 1834), 252-253. Also:

‘Egeria’, Whitman, “The Trailing Arbutus”, The Token, (New York: A. and C. B. Edwards, 1842), 218. This poem is included in later collections of Mrs. Whitman's poems under her own name.

1. The Ladies’ Wreath, edited by Mrs. S. J. Hale, (Boston: Marsh, Capen, and Lyon, 1837), 381-384

The residue of Mrs. Whitman's literary estate left at her death indicates that this talent did not remain one of her characteristics; neither did she encourage it in her numerous neophytes, for her own manuscripts are filled with revisions, her letters to others hold many suggestions for revision, and even these letters themselves have in some instances been laboriously revised. Often she would not send the original letter, but would forward a second copy.

1. E. Douglas Branch, op. cit., 108-137.

2. / Sarah Helen Whitman / , “The Blind Man's Appeal”, Hand-bill signed by Mrs. Whitman, John Hay Library, Harris Collection.

At the head of the poem is the following note: “The bearer having lost his eyesight in the pursuit of his business, and having a family dependent upon him for support, and not wishing to become a burden to the public, takes this means of gaining a livelihood for himself and family, and most respectfully craves your patronage.”

3. ‘Helen’, / Sarah Helen Whitman / , “The Blind Man's Lay”, Ladies’ Magazine, (July 1828). Later published with a collection of Mrs. Whitman's poems under her own name in The Ladies’ Wreath, (op. cit.)

1. Edgar Allan Poe, “The Poetic Principle”, The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, ed. by James A. Harrison., (New York: Thomas Y. Crowell and Co., 1902), vol. XIV, 273-272.

1. E. Douglas Branch, op. cit., 144-147 [page ??:]

2. ‘Helen’, ‘Sarah Helen Whitman’, “To A Withered Rose”, The Ladies’ Magazine, (April 1830), 158-160

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Love's Penalty”, United States Magazine and Democratic Review, (December 18421, 602

1. E. Douglas Branch, op. cit., 152

2. Edgar Allan Poe, “To Helen”, The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, ed. by James A. Harrison, op. cit., vol. VII, 107

1. ‘S. S. J.’ / Sarah Jacobs / “Sarah Helen Whitman”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 25, 1878)

2. “Helen’, / Sarah Helen Whitman / , “To A Withered Rose”, Ladies’ Magazine, (April 1830) 158-160

3. Mrs. Whitman's “scrapbook” is in the Harris Collection of the John Hay Library. These flowers are each identified by a note in her own hand.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “A Pansy from the Grave of Keats”, Poems (Providence: Preston and Rounds, 1894), 142-144

2. E. Douglas Branch, op. cit., 148

3. Editorial, The Bower of Taste, (August 17, 1828), 524

4. E. Douglas Branch, op. cit., 149

1. ‘Helen’, / Sarah Helen Whitman / , “Musings”, Ladies’ Magazine, (May 1836). This poem is also included with Mrs. Whitman's poems in The Ladies’ Wreath under the title “She Blooms No More”.

2. ‘Egeria’, / Sarah Helen Whitman / , “The Scenery of Autumn”, The Literary Journal and Weekly Register of Science and the Arts, (November 30, 1833), 205. [page ??:]

1. ‘Egeria’, / Sarah Helen Whitman / , Ibid., 205

2. In attempting to explain the “pleasures in weeping at one's own bier — or the pleasure in prolonging a legitimate sorrow as long as one more tear or one more poem could be squeezed from it”, E. Douglas Branch states that it was due to the fact that the souls of women had been liberated, but that they were still limited in their opportunities for satisfying expression because of social decorum. To him this pleasure is an inverted, self-love. To others it is a pleasurable sensation resulting from sensuous inhibitions. Such an explanation. has been applied to Poe, who spoke of the impression of pleasurable sadness, such as one received from Bryant's “June” as something which thrilled him to the very soul, and which represented the truest poetic elevation. In literature, melancholia was to some extent a direct heritage from the eighteenth century which had. been intensified by the hardships of a new land. and by an increased and overstimulated religious enthusiasm; but casting this heritage aside, one might still lay much to the influence of the nineteenth century Romanticists. Certainly through Byron and Keats and Shelley came much of the melancholia which was introspective and sensuously pleasurable. In all of these sources we might find the origin of Sarah Whitman's early poetical melancholy.

1. The Ladies’ Wreath, edited by Mrs. S. J. Hale, op. cit., 381-584.

1. Bliss Perry, Henry Lee Higginson, Life and Letters, (Boston: Atlantic Monthly Press, 1921), 372

1. Fred Lewis Pattee, op. cit., 364

2. Edgar Allan Poe, “The Philosophy of Composition’, The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, op. cit., vol XIV, 201

3. The remaining pages of this chapter deal with Mrs. Whitman's ideas of beauty, its relation to genius, and her conception of the genius and the true poet. The facts for these pages have been gathered from one of her numerous essays. See: [page ??:]

‘Egeria’, / Sarah Helen Whitman / , “On the Nature and Attributes of Genius”, The Boston Pearl, (December 19, 1835) vol V, 108. In the same issue there is a note of welcome to ‘Egeria’.

1. Poe stated the same idea some years later when he said. that it was this immortal-instinct of beauty which administered to man's delight in the manifold forms and sounds and colors and odors and sentiments in the world about him; and that he received a duplicate source of delight in the mere oral and written repetition of these forms and sounds and odors and sentiments. In each man, he said, there was an unquenchable thirst after the Beauty above. Inspired by the glories beyond the grave, man struggled to attain a portion of that loveliness whose very elements, perhaps, attained to eternity alone, but man was not always able to grasp wholly on this earth, at once and forever, those divine and rapturous joys, and it was therefore through the poet that he might attain brief and indeterminate glimpses of a loveliness which could not otherwise be seen. See:

Edgar Allan Poe “The Poetic Principle”, The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, op. cit., vol XIV, 273

It is of some interest to note that Mrs. Whitman later saw in the “Aesthetic Religion” of Poe, not the worship of a purely sensuous beauty, of which he had been accused, but a recognition of the divine and inseparable harmonies of the supremely Beautiful and the supremely Good. Poe recognized the elements of poetic emotion in all noble thoughts, in all holy impulses, in all chivalrous, generous, and self-sacrificing deeds; and to him, as it had thus early been to Mrs. Whitman, the poetic sense was strictly and simply the human aspiration for supernal Beauty. See

Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics, (New York: Rudd and Carlton; 1859) 56-58.

1. Caroline Ticknor, Poe's Helen, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1916), 186

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Hours of Life”, Hours of Life [page ??:] and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 14

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes. Miss Dailey possibly refers to Hope Ives, a widow who lived on Power Street.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 27 18— / date destroyed /, A.L.S., Anna Bartlett to Sarah Power.

1. ‘Egeria’ / Sarah Helen Whitman /, “The Character and Writings of Shelley”, The Literary Journal and Weekly Register of Science and the Arts, (January 11, 1834) 252-253

Charlotte Dailey ascribes this essay to Mrs. Whitman. See John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

Mrs. Whitman's critical estimate of Shelley to be found in the next few pages is to be seen in this essay.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Hours of Life”, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 4-38 passim.

1. See note 2, page 14.

1. ‘Egeria’, / Sarah Helen Whitman / , “The Character and Writings of Shelley”, op. cit.

2. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Hours of Life”, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 4-38

3. Van Wyck Brooks, The Life of Emerson, (New York: E. P. Dutton and Co., 1932) 45-46.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, A.L.S., July 23, 1861, G. L. Dwight to Sarah Helen Whitman. [page ??:]

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, C. Fiske Harris Notes.

1. Edward Cary, George William Curtis, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1900) 16-17

2. ‘A Disciple’ / Sarah Helen Whitman / “Emerson's Essays”, Democratic Review, (June 1845) 589

1. Ralph Waldo Emerson, “The Over-Soul”, Essays, (Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1865) passim.

2. ‘A Disciple’ / Sarah Helen Whitman / “Emerson's Essays”, Democratic Review, (June 1845), 589-602

1. For general information concerning “fluidic” isms, I have referred to contemporary magazines, to Frank Podmore, Modern Spiritualism, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1902) vol I, and to E. Douglas Branch, The Sentimental Years, (op. cit.)

2. John H. Ingram, Edgar Allan Poe, (London: John Hogg, 1880) vol II, 48-52.

1. John H. Ingram, Edgar Allan Poe, (op. cit.) vol. II, 49-50

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, October ‘n.d.’ 1872, Robert H. Collyer to Sarah Helen Whitman:

The Providence Daily Journal for October 15, 1839, announces lecture by Dr. R. H. Collyer on the subject of phrenology.

2. Frank Podmore, Modern Spiritualism, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1902) vol. I, 125 [page ??:]

1. Edwin Franden Dakar, Mrs. Eddy, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1929) 24

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes, and C. Fiske Harris Notes.

3. Colonel William L. Stone, Letter to Doctor A. Brigham on Animal Magnetism, (New York: George Dearborn and Co., 1837) passim.

4. Edwin Franden Dakin, op. cit., 38; 43

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, March 3, 1837, A.L.S., Sarah J. Hale to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. Colonel Stone, op. cit., passim

3. Katherine Anthony, Margaret Fuller, (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1921) 131-132

1. John Hay Library, Harris. Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, March 3, 1837, A.L.S., Sarah J. Hale to Sarah Helen Whitman.

See also: Sarah Helen Whitman: “John Neal of Portland”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 24, 1876)

1. Marius Blesi, The Life and Letters of Anna Cora Mowatt, (Ph. D. Dissertation, University of Virginia, 1938) 169-173

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, May 23, 1842, A.L.S., Anna Cora Mowatt to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Frank Podmore, op. cit., vol. I, 129; 154; 155.

2. Lilly Collection, A.L.S., April 30, [rest of date destroyed], Joseph Buchanan to Sarah Helen Whitman. See also Charlotte Dailey Notes, John Hay Library, Harris Collection. [page ??:]

1. M. L. Brown, “What Our Only Anthology Started”, unidentified newspaper clipping in Scrapbook of the author, found in John Hay Library, Harris Collection.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Evenings with the Author of ‘Old Grimes’”, Providence Daily Journal, (March 27, 1868)

2. Van Wyck Brooks, Life of Emerson, (New York: E. P. Dutton and Co., 1932) 79

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Evenings with the Author of ‘Old Grimes’”, Providence Daily Journal, (March 27, 1868)

1. Katherine Anthony, Margaret Fuller, (New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company, 1921), passim

1. Katherine Anthony, op. cit., 47-48

1. Margaret Fuller Ossoli, Memoirs, (Boston: Phillips, Sampson, and Company, 1852), 191-192

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “John Neal of Portland”, Providence Daily Journal, (July 24, 1876)

2. John Neal, Wandering Recollections of a Somewhat Busy Life, (Boston: Roberts Brothers, 170) 73-87

1. Margaret Fuller Ossoli, Life Without and Life Within, (Boston: Roberts Brothers, 1874)

2. Granville Hicks, “Margaret Fuller to Saran Helen Whitman, An Unpublished Letter”, American Literature (January 1930), 419

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, [page ??:] n.d., not signed but in Mrs. Whitman's hand, Sarah Helen Whitman to William Ellery Channing.

1. Margaret Fuller Ossoli, op. cit., 147

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Our Own Scenery”, Providence Daily Journal, (October 21, 1857)

1. Van Wyck Brooks, op. cit., 157-158

2. An unidentified fragment in the Harris Collection, John Hay Library, states that Channing wrote a poem about his ride with Mrs. Whitman to the Swan Point Cemetery. See also:

Geraldine Oaksmith Collection, A.L.S., April 29, [no further date given], Sarah Helen Whitman to Mrs. Eva Oakes Smith.

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 10, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to John H. Ingram.

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes. The Providence Directory for 1838 lists the residence of Mrs. Anna Power as 50 Benefit Street, and that of Nicholas Power as 16 Weybosset Street.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

3. This information obtained from a lady now living in the house next to the Power house on Benefit Street. Her mother and father lived in this house during the time Mrs. Whitman lived on Benefit Street. I cannot locate her name in my files.

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes. [page ??:]

1. Probate Court, Providence Rhode Island, Will Book 14A., Estate of Ruth Marsh, page 166.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

2. Charles Blake, An Historical Account of the Providence Stage, (Providence: G. H. Whitney, 1868) passim

1. Charles T. Congdon, Reminiscences of a Journalist, (Boston: New York Tribune, 1880) 175

2. Announcement of the opening of the Providence Theatre, Providence Daily Journal, (October 29, 1838). Mrs. Whitman's prologue, later altered and included in her collections of poetry as “The Drama” appeared in the issue of the Journal for October 30, 1838.

1. For information concerning Shakepeare Hall, see Charles Blake, op. cit., passim.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes.

3. The Rhode Island Book, compiled by Anna C. Lynch, (Boston: Weeks, Jordan and Co., 1841) 50

1. ‘A Disciple’ / Sarah Helen Whitman / “Emerson's Essays”, Democratic Review, (Jure 1845) passim.

2. John Calvin Metcalf, American Literature, (Richmond: B. F. Johnson Publishing Co., 1914) 147

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Tablets”, Providence Daily Journal, (October 30, 1868), Bronson Alcott delivered a series of twelve lectures in Providence in 1838. See

Providence Daily Journal, (November 12, 1838)

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers [page ??:]

Autographed manuscript signed “‘Rob Roy’, alias Nicholas Power”.

2. Ibid.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, August 29, 1842, A.L.S., Nicholas Power to Thomas Wilson Dorr.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, September 18, 1842, A.L.S., Nicholas Power to Thomas Wilson Dorr,

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, MS., Record left by the Board of Commissioners, General Assembly of Rhode Island, June 1842.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, A. S. Nicholas Power. This paper bears no address.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, August 15, 1842, A.L.S., Nicholas Power to Thomas Wilson Dorr.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, August 29, 1842, A.L.S., Nicholas Power to Thomas Wilson Dorr.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, September 18, 1842, A.L.S., Nicholas Power to Thomas Wilson Dorr.

3. Funeral Notice, Providence Daily Journals, (April 30, 1844)

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, September 18, 1842, A.L.S., Nicholas Power to Thomas Wilson Dorr.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 3, 1845, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Mrs. Eleanora Burgess. [page ??:]

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, June 19, 1843, A.L.S., Ida Russell to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Roger Williams”, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 174

2. John Calvin Metcalf, op. cit., 152

1. Van Wyck Brooks, op. cit., 155

2. There are frequent references in Mrs. Whitman's, correspondence to Mrs. Burgess, who was George William Curtis’ aunt.

1. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 28

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, September 6, 1845, A.L.S., George William Curtis to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, June 12, 1846, A.L.S., George William Curtis to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, May 2, 1846, A.L.S., George William Curtis to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 25

2. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 26

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, October 1, 1845, A.L.S., George William Curtis to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 22-23

3. Ibid., 36-37 [page ??:]

1. Ibid., 37

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, November 1, 1846, A.L.S., George William Curtis to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, June 2, 1845, A.L.S., George William Curtis to Sarah Helen Whitman.

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, June 28, 1845, A.L.S., George William Curtis to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n. d., fr., A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Ida Russell.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 20, 1846, A.L.S., George William Curtis to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 36

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n.d., fr. A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Ida Russell.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 8, 1845, A.L.S., Ida Russell to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

1. Frank Luther Mott, A History of American Magazines, 1741-1850, (New York: D. Appleton and Co., 1930) II, 402

2. Editorial, Ladies’ Magazine, (August 1829)

3. Anonymous review, “Conversations with Goethe, in the past Years of His Life”, Boston Quarterly Review, (January 1840) 20-27 [page ??:]

Although this review is not signed, it is known to have been written by Mrs. Whitman because a portion of it was included among Mrs. Whitman's writings in Miss Lynch's Rhode Island Book. Again it is frequently referred to by Mrs. Whitman's friends. Mrs Whitman's ideas concerning German literature which are recorded in the following pages are taken from this review.

1. Katherine Anthony, op. cit., 47

2. All of Mrs. Whitman's ideas concerning Goethe which are given in the following pages are to be found in her essay review, “Conversations with Goethe”, Boston Quarterly Review, (January 1840) 20-27

1. Ibid.

1. Granville Hicks, “Margaret Fuller to Sarah Helen Whitman, an Unpublished Letter”, American Literature, (January 1930) 419

1. John Hay Library; Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Harris Collection, January 21, 1841. A.L.S., Orestes Brownson to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Fragment of a note in Sarah Helen Whitman's hand, found in her Scrapbook.

1. Granville Hicks; op. cit.

2. Katherine Anthony, op. cit., 63

3. The Cambridge History of American Literature, ed. by W. P. Trent, John Erskine, S. P. Sherman, and Carl Van Doren, (New York: The Macmillan. Co., 1936) II 343

1. Charles M. Perry, Henry Phillips Tappan, (Ann Arbor: [page ??:] University of Michigan Press, 1933) 103-104.

2. ‘A Disciple’ / Sarah Helen Whitman / “Emerson's Essays’‘, Democratic Review (June 1845) 589-602

Mrs. Whitman's ideas concerning Emerson and transcendentalism which are recorded in the following pages (202-217) are to be found in this essay,

1. John Calvin Metca1f, op. cit., 150

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, October 1, 1845, A.L.S., Susan. B. Warner to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, April 6, 1841, A.L.S., George Bush to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, October 1, 1841, A.L.S., George Bush to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, (n.d.) 1841, A.L.S., Orestes Brownson to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. ‘A Disciple’, “Emerson's Essays’‘, op. cit., 599.

1. Ibid.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, 1841, A.L.S., Orestes Brownson to Sarah Helen Whitman. [page ??:]

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, October 1, 1841, A.L.S., George Bush to Helen Whitman.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 11, 1842, A.L.S., Anna Cora Mowatt to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 20, 1843, A.L.S., Anna Cora Mowatt to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. Clarence Paul Hotson, “George Bush and Emerson's Swedenborg”, The New Church Magazine, (January-March 1931).

4. Frank Podmore, Modern Spiritualism, (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1902) I, 158

1. Mrs. Whitman told William Ellery Channing that Jackson Davis spent a day with her, and that he told her that he saw causes at work in the spiritual country which would ere long so perfect the mode of communication by electric sounds as to produce memorable effects. See John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n. d., .A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to William Ellery Channing.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, September 15, 1847, J. S. George Bush to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, n.d., A.L.S., George Bush to Sarah Helen. Whitman.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 12, 1861, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Julia Deane Freeman.

1. I have obtained my information concerning Mrs. Whitman's [page ??:] physical characteristics from many sources: from letters and poetry written to and about her, and from sketches left by many of those who knew her personally.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, February 25, 1905, A.L.S., Elizabeth Akers to H. L. Koopman.

1. Mary E. Phillips, Poe Allan Poe the Man, (Chicago: The John C. Winston Co., 1936 [[1926]]) II, 1317

2. Philip Alexander Bruce, “Edgar Allan Poe and Mrs. Whitman”, South Atlantic Quarterly, (April 1913) 138

3. Ibid., 129

1. John Hay Library, Burleigh Papers, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to “Mary”.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 3, 1845, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Mrs. Eleanora Burgess.

3. See Note 2, page 104.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “Hours of Life”, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 33

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, August 12, 1844, A.L.S., Wilkins Updike to A. G. Greene.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, April 7, 1845, A.L.S., Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

1. Ibid. [page ??:]

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 18, 1845, A.L.S., Wilkins Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

2. Ibid.

3. Edgar Allan Poe, “To Helen”, The Poetical Works of’ Edgar Allan Poe, (New York: J. S. Redfield, 1857) 17

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 25, 1845, A.L.S., Wilkins Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. Ibid.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, November 2, 1845, A.L.S., Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. Ibid.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 25, 1845, A.L.S., Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 18, 1845, A.L.S., Wilkins Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, December 1846 (Wednesday), A.L.S., Wilkins Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, July 6, 1846, A.L.S., Wilkins Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, [page ??:] October 5, 1847, A.L.S., Wilkins Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

2. Ibid.

1. Ibid.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, November 2, 1845, A.L.S., Wilkins Updike to Sarah Helen Whitman.

Also

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, April 24, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to John H. Ingram.

1. Mrs. Whitman expresses this belief frequently in her correspondence. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, December 12, 1849, Sarah Helen Whitman to R. W. Griswold.

2. Stanley T. Williams, “New Letters About Poe”, The Yale Review, (July 1925) 770-771

1. Ibid. [[771]]

2. Ibid. [[771]]

1. R. H. Collyer, Psychography or the Embodiment of Thought, (Philadelphia: Zieber and Company, 1843)

2. Hervey Allen, Israfel, (London: Brentano's Ltd, 1927) II, 758

3. E. W. Capron, Modern Spiritualism, (Boston: Bela Marsh, 1855) 238 [page ??:]

1. This passage is quoted in a letter which Mrs. Whitman wrote to E. L. Didier in 1877. Mrs. Whitman does not tell what correspondent she is quoting. See:

E. L. Didier, Life and Poems of Edgar Allan Poe, (New York: W. J. Widdleton, 1877) 11-13

2. Edgar Allan Poe,”Marginalia”, The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A Harrison, (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) XVI, 71

3. John H. Ingram, Edgar Allan Poe, (London: John Hogg, 1880) 48-52.

See also:

Hervey Allen, op. cit., II, 674

4. The Letters of Edgar A. Poe to George W. Eveleth, edited by James Southall Wilson, (University of Virginia, 1924) 14

Also:

Lilly Collection, December 19, 1853, A.L.S., G. W. Eveleth to Sarah Helen Whitman.

5. John H. Ingram, op. cit., II, 49-50

1. J. G. Varner, “Poe and Miss Barrett of Wimpole Street”, The Four Arts, (January-February 1935) 14-15

2. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. Ibid.

1. Ibid.

2. Ibid.

3. Ibid.

1. Ibid.

See also:

University of Virginia. Library, Ingram Collection, February 27, 1865, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to G. W. Eveleth.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, [page ??:] February 27, 1865, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to G. W. Eveleth.

3. Ibid.

4. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, November 30, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to G. W. Eveleth.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February 27, 1865, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to G. W. Eveleth.

2. James A. Harrison and Charlotte Dailey, “Poe and Mrs. Whitman” The Century Magazine, (January 1909) 443

3. Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics, (New York: Rudd and Carlton, 1859) 23.

1. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. E. L. Didier, op. cit., 11-13

2. Ibid., Mrs. Whitman does not name her correspondent in quoting this passage for Didier,

3. Ibid., Mrs. Whitman is quoting for Didier a passage from one of her letters. She does not name her correspondent.

1. Passages from the Correspondence and other Papers of Rufus W. Griswold, (Cambridge: W. M. Griswold, 1898) 256

1. E. L. Didier, op. cit., 11-13. Mrs. Whitman is quoting to Didier a passage from one of her private letters. She does not mention the name of the correspondent.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February [page ??:] 11, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram,

1. Ibid.

2. George E. Woodberry, The Life of Edgar Allan Poe, (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1909) 188-193

See also:

Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 47

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, A.L.S., fragment, n.d., Sarah Helen. Whitman. to Ida Russell.

2. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 32

3. J. A. Harrison and C. F. Dailey, op. cit., 443

1. Ibid.

2. Ibid.

3. Ibid.

1. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 47-48

2. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 47

1. In Edward Young's “The Revenge”, Zenza, a Moor, addresses Alonzo in answer to queries concerning his dying wife, Leonora:

Possibly Mrs. Whitman was suggesting in her motto a source for Poe's poem.

1. Anonymous, “To Edgar A. Poe”, Home Journa1, (March 18, 1848).

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, March 26, 1848, A.L.S., Fanny Osgood to Sarah Helen Whitman. Apparently Mrs. Osgood had addressed a Valentine to Mrs. Whitman, for in this same letter Mrs. Osgood has written the following: “I meant long ere this to have published in the Literary World” my Valentine to you — but have searched in vain for my copy of it. I an going to send today to Miss Lynch for a copy which perhaps she has. But in case she has not — will you send me yours”.

2. My only authority for this date is the postmark on the envelope which accompanies Poe's printed lines in the Lilly Collection.

1. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 6, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. This poem begins as follows:

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, November 30, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to G. W. Eveleth.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 6, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram. [page ??:]

2. Ibid.

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, April 21, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

Also:

June 14, 1848, copy of A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Anna Blackwell.

In the Providence Daily Journal for September 21, 1848, De Bonneville advertised magnetic and hydropathic treatment.

4. Ibid.

Also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February 14, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, April 21, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

Also:

June 2, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. Mary E. Phillips, Edgar Allan Poe — The Man, (Chicago: The John C. Winston Company, 1926) II, 1223

3. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 51

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, June 14, 1848, copy of letter, Edgar Allan Poe to Mrs Anna Blackwell.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 2, 1877, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

3. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 50

See also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February 14, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

4. Lilly Collection October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan.Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman. [page ??:]

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February 19, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

Also:

January 4, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

Also:

John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Clipping from Lowell Advertiser in Mrs. Whitman's Scrapbook.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 6, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II, 1296.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, n.d.[[,]] A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February 27, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Ibid.

1. Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II, 1306-1307.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, January 20, 1859, Sarah Helen Whitman to Julia Deane Freeman.

2. Ibid.

See also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 6, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

3. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman. [page ??:]

1. Ibid.

2. Poe later told Mrs. Whitman that her lines reached him in Richmond at “about the 10th of Sep (sic)”, but since his next message to her was dated “New York- Sep. (sic) 5”, he must have been mistaken in his date. See

Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 53.

See also:

Lilly Collection, September 5, 1848, A.L.S., Ed. S. T. Grey to Mrs. Sarah Helen Whitman. On the back of the envelope bearing this letter, Mrs. Whitman has written:

“Sent by E. A. P. under an assumed name in order to ascertain if I was in Providence”.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 6, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 53-54.

3. Lily Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen.

Also:

October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman. Poe was in Providence two days. There were eight more days after he left before he received Mrs. Whitman's first letter. We know from his letter of October 18 that he received her first letter September 30,

1. Lilly Collection, October 1 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman,

2. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

Also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, April 2, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. In a note appended to Poe ‘s letter of October 1, 1848, Mrs. Whitman has written: “I simply showed him the lines that I might ask his opinion of a verse which the publisher wished me to alter”. [page ??:]

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, April 2, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

3. Sarah Helen Whitman, “To ——— “, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitey, 1853) 196

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Fragment in Whitman's hand.

See also:

Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

Also:

Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II 1317

2. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman, See footnote in handwriting of Mrs. Whitman.

3. University. of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 23, 1874 A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

4. Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, September (n.d.), 1848, A.L.S., Anne. Blackwell to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

2. Ibid.

3. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848; A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid. [page ??:]

2. Ibid.

3. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman. Pages 307 through 312 contain substance from this letter.

1. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 88

1. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

1. Ibid.

2. Lilly Collection, November 7, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman. In this letter Poe has written the following words: “Write me one word to say that you do love me, and that under all circumstances you will be mine. Remember that these coveted words you have never yet spoken — “. In a letter to Mrs. Mary Hewitt written September 28, 1850, Mrs. Whitman wrote the following: “I could not “have written to you so freely of these things my dear Mrs. Hewitt if the interest I feel in Mr. Poe had partaken of the character of what is usually termed love. It is something at once more intimate and more remote — a strange inexplicable enchantment that I can neither analyze nor comprehend.”

1. Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman. In this letter Poe quotes portions of one of Mrs. Whitman's letters to himself.

1. Ibid. The material in the next few pages is taken from this letter.

2. Ibid.

1. Ibid. [page ??:]

1. Ibid.

2. Stanley T. Williams, “New Letters About Poe”, The Yale Review, (July 1925) 771.

3. Ibid. [[771]]

4. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February 16, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

5. Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II, 1143

6. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 10, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Edgar Allan Poe, “The Literati”, The Works of the Late Edgar Allan Poe, edited by Rufus Wilmot Griswold, (New York: Redfield, 1856) III, 202

2. Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 31.

1. Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 27, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. Ibid.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, “New Versions of an Old Story”. [page ??:] The Providence Daily Journal, (September 25, 1877)

2. Lilly Collection, October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

2. J. G. Varner, “Poe and Mrs. Whitman”, (M. A. Thesis, University of Virginia, 1932) 117

1. Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II, 1315

2. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 90

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, October 25, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Ibid.

1. John H. Ingram, Edgar Allan Poe, (London: John Hogg, 1880) 193-194

2. J. G. Varner, “Poe and Mrs. Whitman”, (M. A. Thesis, University of Virginia,1932) 122-126, See the above for an explanation of the date, Tuesday November 7.

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, October.25, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

4. Ibid.

1. Ibid.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Typed copy of an article by James A. Harrison, and Charlotte Dailey. This article with omissions was later published in The Century Magazine, (January 1909) 443

3. Ibid.

See also: [page ??:]

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, October 25, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, October 25, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. Ibid.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Typescript by J. A. Harrison and Charlotte Dailey. In a letter to Harrison. December 26, 1907, Miss Dailey says Mrs. Whitman told her that Poe “came to her in his shirt sleeves and tore her dress”. See Harris Collection.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, October 25, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

See also:

Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 93

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 20, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 94

2. William F. Gill, The Life of Poe, (New York: W. J. Widdleton, 1878) 228. Letter in facsimile.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Typescript by James A. Harrison and Charlotte F Dailey.

1. Ibid.

See also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, October 25, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, July 21, 1874, Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 20, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram. [page ??:]

4. Ibid.

1. Ibid.

Mrs. Whitman told W. F. Gill that after this incident of November 8th she consented to a conditional engagement, “whose conditions it was needless to say he had already lost the power to fulfill”. See William F. Gill, op. cit., 228

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Typescript, by J. A. Harrison and Charlotte Dailey. See also:

Lilly Collection, n.d., A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Dr. Nathan Crocker.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, August 28, 1877, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. W. Davidson.

2. Anonymous “The Providence Athenaeum”, The Netopian, (October 1924) 10

3. Ibid.

1. Providence Daily Journal. (November 22, 1848)

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Fr. n. d., in Mrs, Whitman's hand. Among her letters to Mallarmé. [page ??:]

2. Ibid.

3. Ibid.

1. Anonymous “The Providence Athenaeum”, The Netopian, (October 1924) 7

2. For a further explanation of this poem see: Joseph Wood Krutch, Edgar Allan Poe (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1926) 57-62

1. For an explanation of this date see: J. G. Varner, “Poe and Mrs. Whitman”, (M. A. Thesis, University of Virginia, 1932) 138-156

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, January 4, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

3. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 94-95

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collections, Sarah Helen. Whitman Papers, Typescript, J. A. Harrison and Charlotte Dailey.

See also:

Lilly Collection, n.d., A.L.S., Anne C. Lynch to William J. Pabodie.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, May 11, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Ibid.

2. Stanley T. Williams, “New Letters About Poe”, The Yale Review (July 1925) 769

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, January 4, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, February 27, 1865, copy of letter by Sarah Helen Whitman to G. W. Eveleth. [page ??:]

3. There was the persistent rumor that Poe had deliberately sought the death of his wife in order “that he might embalm her memory in Immortal dirges”. Possibly this tale had already reached the ears of Mrs. Whitman.

See:

Lillie Buffum Wyman, Boston Transcript, (February 24, 1923)

Also:

Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics (New York: Rudd and Carlton, 1859) 26

1. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 107

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 16, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. Lilly Collection, October 1, 1848, and October 18, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, November 16, 1848, copy of letter by Edgar Allan Poe to Mrs. Annie Richmond.

1. Ibid.

Portions of this letter have never been published and are not yet ready for publication.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, January 25, 1849, copy of letter by Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. John H. Ingram, op. cit., II, 194

1. Lilly Collection November 22, 1848, Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison (George D. Sproul, 1902) XVII, 315. [[(Letter November 20, 1848, from Poe to E. Valentine.)]]]

2. Lilly Collection, November 22, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman. [page ??:]

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, n.d. A.L.S., The note is signed by Mrs. Maria Clemm, and the text indicates that it is addressed to Mrs. Annie Richmond. A note in a strange hand on this fragment says it was written November or December 1848.

1. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) XVII, 319-320. [[Letter n.d., Poe to Mrs. A. L. Richmond.)]]

2. Lilly Collection, November 24, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

2. Ibid.

1. Ibid.

2. Ibid.

3. Ibid.

4. Lilly Collection, November 26, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. Ibid.

2. Ibid.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, December 4, 1848, copy of letter by Edgar Allan Poe to W. J. Pabodie, Esq.

1. This information was obtained by the author in a personal interview with Mrs. Sidney Burleigh of Providence, Rhode Island. Mrs. Burleigh knew Mrs. Whitman.

See also:

John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes. [page ??:]

2. Providence Daily Journal, (November 4, 1848)

3. Lilly Collection, November 26, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

4. Lilly Collection, December 17, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

See also:

J. G. Varner “Poe and Mrs. Whitman”, (M.A. Thesis, University of Virginia, 1932) 174-176

1. The Last Letters of Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman, edited James A. Harrison, (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1909) 48

1. Lilly Collection, December 17, 1848, A.L.S., Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. Stanley T. Williams, “New Letters About Poe”, The Yale Review, (July 1925) 755-773

See also:

Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II, 1358

1. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) XVII, 421. (Letter June 11, 1852, by William J. Pabodie to R. W. Griswold.)

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Fr. n.d., in Mrs. Whitman. Possibly to J. W. Davidson.

3. Providence Daily Journal, (December 20, 1848)

1. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) XVII. 413. (Letter by W. J. Pabodie to R. W. Griswold, June 11, 1852.)

2. J. H. Ingram, op. cit., II 197

3. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) XVII, 413. [page ??:]

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, May 28, 1907, A.L.S., Stephen Arnold to Mrs. Henry R. Chace.

5. Stanley T. Williams, op. cit., 761

1. Mrs. Whitman relates that her mother's consent to the marriage was not obtained until the evening of December 22. See Stanley T. Williams, op. cit., 762

2. The Last Letters of Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman, edited by James A. Harrison, (New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons) 49

1. Stanley T. Williams, op. cit., 761-762.

See also:

The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) XVII, 413.

Letter by William J. Pabodie to R. W. Griswold, June 11, 1852

Also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, July 21, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

Also:

J. G. Varner, “Poe and Mrs. Whitman.” (Thesis, University of Virginia, 1932) 184

Mrs. Lillie B. Wyman says that Pabodie drew up some of the deeds of the Power estate. She adds that Pabodie took Poe to see Mrs. Whitman when he was drunk and the supposition was that he purposely did so, for he called her attention to Poe's condition and said, “That's the man you are going to marry.” See John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Typescript by Lillie Buffum Wyman

2. Ibid.

3. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) XVII, 412-414.

4. Stanley T. Williams, op. cit., 762

5. Ibid. [[762]]

1. Ibid. [page ??:]

Pabodie later stated that Poe gave him the note to Mr. Crocker and asked that he deliver it in person but that he “delayed complying with the request, in the hope that the union might yet be prevented”. See The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, op. cit., 414.

2. Ibid.

3. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) XVII, 414. (Letter by W. J. Pabodie to R. W. Griswold, June 11, 1852.)

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 20, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. Stanley T. Williams, op. cit., 762

3. Ibid. [[762]]

1. James A. Harrison and Charlotte Dailey, op. cit., 447

See also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, May 1, 1874, Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram. Mrs.Whitman relates that her mother sister, and another friend were in the room before Mr. Pabodie came in.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, October 7, (n.d.), A.L.S., Anna Blackwell, to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, May 1, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

A typescript by James A. Harrison and Charlotte Dailey in the Harris Collection states that Mrs. Whitman never expected to marry Poe; that although all arrangements were made she felt that the excitement had been too great and that she would die of heart failure.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, May 1, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

See also:

James A. Harrison and Charlotte Dailey, op. cit., 447 [page ??:]

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, January 25, 1849, copy of letter by Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman,

3. J. H. Ingram, Edgar Allan Poe, (London: John Hogg, 1880) II, 196.

4. Passages from the Correspondence and other Papers of Rufus W. Griswold, editor anonymous, (Cambridge: W. M. Griswold, 1898) 248-249.

1. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison (New York: George D. Sproul, 1902) 322.

2. J. H. Ingram, op. cit., 196

3. Ibid., 201-202

4. Ibid., 202

1. Ibid.

See also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, January 25, 1849. Copy of letter by Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 13, 1877, A.L.S., Mrs. A. L. Richmond, to J. H. Ingram. “Concerning the affair with Mrs. Whitman”, Mrs. Richmond wrote Ingram, “there seems to be conflicting accounts — of course, I had faith in his version of it, but it was the cause of more unhappiness to me than anything that ever occurred during the whole course of our acquaintance — my husband was from Providence and his father's family were living there at that time, and of course heard a great deal of the gossip connected with their names and naturally enough sympathized with Mrs. Whitman. Their letters used to annoy Mr. Richmond exceedingly, for while he had the most implicit confidence in Mr. Poe, these constant allusions to his having acted dishonorably toward Mrs. W. had their effect and really cane very near putting an. end to our correspondence (I refer to the correspondence between Mr. Poe and myself). It caused him to write the only letter that really pained me and made me feel for the time that our acquaintance must end. I think I will copy that letter for you, because it will show you how honorably he acted.” [page ??:]

See also:

Note added by Mrs. Richmond to the copy of Poe's letter to Mrs. Whitman, January 25, 1849, which Mrs. Richmond forwarded to Ingram. (University of Virginia, Ingram Collection.)

1. J. H. Ingram, op. cit., 204

2. Ibid., 205

3. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, November 16, 1848, copy of letter by Edgar Allan Poe to Mrs. Annie Richmond.

4. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (op. cit.), XVII, 328.

1. At the close of a copy of this letter which she sent to Ingram, Mrs. Richmond has written the following note: “The quotation in this letter of course was written by me — not on my own account but to satisfy my friends — Mr. Richmond's family at that time were living in Providence and were continually sending him the gossip in circulation there, about this unhappy affair — In answer to their inquiries as to what Poe said about it, I replied, that Mrs. W's statement was a false one but nothing would do — they must have something more definite — of course I had no other alternative but to tell him as briefly as I could my reason for troubling him and ask .time explanation. Mrs. tits reply exonerated him completely, yet I think they were inclined to discredit it and believe him still a very unprincipled man to say the least.” See University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, January 25, 1849, copy of letter by Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, January 25, 1849, copy of letter by Edgar Allan Poe to Sarah Helen Whitman.

1. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, December 12, 1849, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to R. W. Griswold. [page ??:]

2. The Stephen H. Wakeman Collection of Books of Nineteenth Century American Writers, (New York: American Art Association, 1924) Catalogue No. 950. Portion of autograph letter to “Annie” signed “Your own Eddy”. This letter bears no date and is of course by Edgar Allan Poe to Mrs. Annie Richmond.

3. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison [[VII, 342-343]]. Mrs. Whitman wrote R. H. Stoddard September 30, 1872, that Poe probably attributed these reports to her family. See J. G. Varner, “Poe and Mrs. Whitman”, (M. A. Thesis, University of Virginia, 1932) 193

See also James A. Harrison and Charlotte Dailey, op. cit., 447

4. Stanley T. Williams, op. cit., 763

See also:

Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II, 1407-1408

1. University of Virginia, Ingram Collection, February 20, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

2. The Historical Society .of Pennsylvania, December 12, 1849 A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Rufus W. Griswold.

3. Ibid.

4. Lilly Collection, December 17, 1849, A.L.S., R. W. Griswold to Sarah Helen. Whitman.

1. Stanley T. Williams, op. cit., 769

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Maude Chace Notes.

1. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (op. cit.,) XVII, 335-336.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, October 25, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen. Whitman to J. H. Ingram. [page ??:]

3. Ibid. Mrs. Locke later spent a night in Mrs. Whitman's home and attempted to levy abuse upon Poe, but Mrs. Whitman interrupted her and said that she did not “wish to hear any charge against one whose memory was dear and sacred to me — that if false they could not be refuted — if true, I could understand and forgive”, After Poe's death Mrs. Locke reported “sane unkind speech” of his to Mrs. Whitman, but Mrs. Whitman ignored the remarks.

See:

Lillie Buffum Wyman, Boston Evening Transcript, (February 24, 1925).

Also:

Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II, 1407-1408.

1. Ibid.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 115-117.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, n.d., copy in Mrs. Whitman's hand of letter she had written James Wood Davidson.

2. Ibid.

See also:

University of Virginia, Ingram Collection, February 20, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. The Stephen H. Wakeman Collection of Books of Nineteenth Century American Authors (New York: American Art Association, c., 1924) Ca1ogue No. 950, Fr, n.d., Edgar Allan Poe to Mrs. Annie Richmond.

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, A.L.S., May 1, 1874, Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

3. Ibid.

1. Mary E. Phillips, op. cit., II, 1408 [page ??:]

See also:

Sarah Helen Whitman, Hours of Life and Other Poems, “Sons”, (Providence: George H. Whitney, 1853) 166-167

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, fr. A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to W. F. Gill.

3. G. E. Woodberry, The Life of Edgar Allan Poe, (New York: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1909) II, 347

4. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (op. cit.), XVII, 400.

5. J. H. Ingram, op. cit., II, 239

See also:

Historical Society of Pennsylvania, December 12, 1849, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to R. W. Griswold.

6. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, March 27, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. The Complete Works of Edgar Allan Poe, edited by James A. Harrison, (op. cit.) XVII, 398-399.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, n.d., James W. Davidson to Sarah Helen Whitman.

3. Sarah Helen Whitman, Hours of Life and Other Poems, (op. cit.) 89. This poem is addressed to Edgar Allan Poe.

1. The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, December 12, 1849, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to R. W. Griswold.

2. Lilly Collection, December 17, 1849, A.L.S., R. W. Griswold to Sarah Helen Whitman. Concerning this letter Mrs. Whitman wrote J. H. Ingram: “I intended simply to speak of Griswold's letter as an unauthorized attempt to advise me in a matter about which I had sought no advice and to prejudice me against one whose name I had never mentioned to him, and this too at a very early engage of his lit executorship.” See University of Virginia, Ingram Collection, February 24, 1874, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram. [page ??:]

1. Stanley T. Williams, op. cit., 770-771

2. Historical Society of Pennsylvania, December 12, 1849, Sarah Helen Whitman to R. W. Griswold.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, January 9, 1858, fr. Letter in Mrs. Whitman' hand to J. W. Davidson.

2. University of Virginia, Ingram Collection, January 15, 1865, copy of letter by Sarah Helen Whitman to G. W. Eveleth, See also explanatory note accompanying letter which Eveleth sent to J. H. Ingram.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, January 9, 1858, fr. in Sarah Helen Whitman's hand to J. W. Davidson.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, January 30, 1859, fr. in Sarah Helen Whitman's hand Mrs. Julia Deane Freeman.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics, (New York: Rudd and Carlton, 1859) 49-53.

2. Ibid.

1. Caroline Ticknor, op. cit., 88-89

2. University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, July 23, 1874, Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

3. Ibid.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection January 30, 1859, fr. in Sarah Helen Whitman's hand to Julia Deane Freeman.

2. Ibid.

1. Sarah Helen Whitman, Edgar Poe and His Critics, (op. cit.) 69-72. [page ??:]

2. Ibid.

3. Ibid., 47

[[1. Ibid., 70.]]

[[2. Ibid., 71.]]

[[3. Ibid., 47.]]

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Maude Chace Notes.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Sarah Helen Whitman's Scrapbook. In this Scrapbook in a clipping from the New York Tribune which contains Mrs. Whitman's letter to Horace Greeley Esq., March 9, 1851.

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, November 27, 1869, A.L.S., G. W. Eveleth to Sarah Helen Whitman.

4. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, fr. in Mrs. Whitman's hand, apparently addressed to James Wood Davidson. It is among other of Mrs. Whitman's papers addressed to Davidson.

5. Professor S. Foster Damon of Brown University told the author that he had discovered this information, but that he could not recall his source.

6. University of Virginia Library, Oaksmith Collection, December 3, (n.d.) A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Mrs. Eva Oakes Smith.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, June 16, 1859, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to Julia Deane Freeman.

2. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, October 1858, fragment in Mrs. Whitman's hand to J. W. Davidson.

See also:

Sarah Gould, “The Serpent Horror”, Asphodels, (New York: Proof-Sheets, 1856) 157

3. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Maude Chace Notes.

1. John Hay Library, Harris Collection, Sarah Helen Whitman Papers, Charlotte Dailey Notes. [page ??:]

Also:

University of Virginia Library, Ingram Collection, October 25, 1875, copy of letter by Sarah Helen Whitman to J. R. Buchanan.

Also:

Ingram Collection, November 20, 1875, A.L.S., Sarah Helen Whitman to J. H. Ingram.

1. New York Public Library, MS Autobiography of Mrs. Elizabeth Oakes Smith.

2. Ibid.